Anyone can get a dry scalp, including your baby. However, it can be difficult to determine the cause of your baby’s dry scalp and how to treat it. Flaking (seborrheic dermatitis or cradle cap) in children occurs during the first 10 weeks of life, as sebum is secreted under the influence of maternal androgens.
What Causes Skin Flaking?
A dry scalp in babies can be associated with underlying skin conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis or eczema. In some cases, you may notice that your baby’s scalp is drier at certain times of the year or is simply a reaction to the shampoo you are using. Pediatricians cite increased sebaceous gland activity, inadequate immune response of the skin, or increased fungal activity, which is otherwise a part of the skin’s normal microflora, as the most likely causes of flaking.
Here are the possible causes of your baby’s dry scalp and the key symptoms to look for.
“Cap” on the Top of the Head
One of the most common scalp conditions in babies is related to a condition called infantile seborrheic dermatitis. This condition is not contagious and does not cause discomfort to your baby. It usually resolves on its own, although you can help loosen the scales with baby shampoos, mineral or olive oil, and gentle brushing techniques.
Although the exact cause is unknown, the occurrence of a dry scalp (in the form of a “cap” on the top of the head) is attributed to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is also sometimes caused by the overgrowth of the Malassezia fungus in the sebum (oil) under the skin. This condition causes thick, greasy patches on the scalp that can range in color from white to yellow. If your baby has this scalp issue, they may also have these patches on other oily parts of the body, such as the armpits, groin, and ears.
Baby Dandruff
Dandruff can also cause a dry scalp. It is white, dry, and sometimes itchy. Dandruff can be hereditary. If you have dry skin, your baby may also have it.
Excessive washing of the baby’s skin does not cause dandruff, but if your baby has this condition, you may want to wash their scalp less frequently with shampoo. Wash every other day instead of every day to prevent worsening dryness. Allergies can also cause your baby to have a dry scalp, although this is less common. If a dry scalp is accompanied by a red, itchy rash, the cause may be an allergy.
External Causes of Dry Scalp in Children and Babies
Weather and environmental elements, lifestyle, and personal care products can also contribute to dry scalp. Factors that can affect include:
cold weather, low humidity, overheating and sweating from high temperatures or sun exposure, baby shampoos and other personal care products that contain fragrances or alcohol, detergents, allergens such as pet dander.
